Vehicle accidents can be scary and life-altering events. They also can result in a mix of legal consequences. When an accident case involves both civil and criminal components, it can add layers of complexity to an already challenging situation.
What’s the Difference Between a Civil and Criminal Case
Before looking at the specifics of combined civil and criminal cases, let’s explore these two types of cases.
Civil Case:
In a civil case, an injured party seeks compensation from the responsible party for damages incurred due to the accident.
The focus is generally on a settlement to cover accident-related costs, like medical expenses, property damage, pain and suffering, and lost wages. The plaintiff (the person who’s been injured) has the burden of proof and must demonstrate the defendant’s negligence or misconduct directly caused the harm.
Criminal Case:
In a criminal case, the government (prosecution) initiates charges against an individual (defendant) accused of violating a criminal law.
The prosecution’s goal is to establish the defendant’s guilt beyond a reasonable doubt and secure penalties such as fines, probation, or imprisonment.
When Might An Accident Involve Both Civil and Criminal Cases?
In some vehicle accident scenarios, both civil and criminal aspects come into play. Let’s take a look at an example where there’s been a traffic law violation.
1. Criminal Charges:
Law enforcement may file criminal charges against a driver involved in an accident if they suspect violations of traffic laws, such as DUI (Driving Under the Influence) or reckless driving. The outcome of the case could be penalties like fines, license suspension, probation, or incarceration.
2. Civil Lawsuit:
In the above example, an injured party from the accident may have a representative file a civil lawsuit against the at-fault driver to seek compensation for injuries, damages, and losses.
The civil case focuses on providing financial compensation for the victim and holds the defendant liable for their negligence or misconduct.
In civil cases, the standard of proof is lower than in criminal cases.
What Does It Look Like When an Accident Involves a Civil Case and Criminal Case?
When civil and criminal components coexist in a vehicle accident case, there are several aspects you should consider.
First, the two types of cases have separate legal proceedings.
Civil and criminal cases are distinct, legally. They have different objectives, standards of proof, and outcomes, as outlined above. A defendant can face legal consequences in both cases at the same time. Additionally, acquittal in a criminal case doesn’t necessarily mean they’re not civilly liable.
Second, there’s an impact on evidence.
Evidence presented in one case can potentially impact the other. A criminal conviction can be used as evidence of liability in a civil case. Even though there can be an impact on the evidence, the types of evidence and witnesses involved might differ between the two cases. For example, a civil case would be more likely to have a medical expert.
Third, settlements can be affected.
In some instances, parties in civil cases may decide to settle and resolve the matter outside of court. If someone’s criminally convicted in relation to the accident, that may influence the negotiations and amount offered in a civil settlement.
Experienced Aurora and Naperville Area Personal Injury Lawyers
Vehicle accidents with both civil and criminal components can be legally intricate and emotionally challenging. Understanding the distinctions between civil and criminal cases and their potential impact on each other is essential. Experienced legal representation can help protect your rights and interests if you face both types of cases.
At Cullotta Bravo Law, we offer comprehensive legal guidance to individuals facing civil and criminal cases, especially regarding accidents and personal injury. These cases can be complex; we’re here to help you navigate the process. We can work for the best possible outcome and protect your rights. If you have questions or need assistance with a combined civil and criminal case, please contact us for a free consultation. Call us today at 630-898-7800 or contact us online to see how we can help.